(1) Quality robustness: products that can be produced uniformly and consistently in adverse manufacturing and environmental conditions
- remove the effects of adverse conditions instead of removing causes (cheaper and more effective)
(2) Quality loss function: identifies all costs connected with poor quality and shows how these costs increase as the product moves away from being exactly what the customer wants
- includes customer dissatisfaction, warranty and service
costs, internal inspection, repair, and scrap costs, costs to society
L = D^2C
L - loss to society
D^2 - square of distance from the target value
C - cost of the deviation at the specification limit
the smaller the loss the more desirable the product
(3) Target-oriented quality: strives to keep the product at the desired specification, producing more (and better) units near the target
Which cost of quality is the result from production of defective parts or services before delivery to customers?
Internal failure costs are costs associated with defects found before the customer receives the product or service.
Which one is the definition of making it right the first time?
if something is done right first time, it is done perfectly every time, and no time and money is wasted correcting errors caused by doing it too fast or without controlling quality.
What are the three categories of quality?
Quality control professionals typically classify quality defects into three main categories: minor, major and critical. The nature and severity of a defect determines in which of the three categories it belongs.
Which of the four major categories of quality costs is the highest and most difficult to estimate?
A. Among the four major categories of quality costs, external failure costs are the most difficult to quantify.