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Terms in this set (13)
The extent that a test predicts some future behavior is referred to as:
a.) test-retest reliability
b.) predictive validity
c.) divergent validity
d.) internal consistenct
b.) predictive validity
Which of the following statements is true about
a reliable test?
a.) it is always valid
b.) it measures what it purports to measure
c.) it correlates positively with its validity
d.) it yields constant results
d.) it yields consistent results
_____ argue that the unique and long-term tendencies to behave in particular ways are the essence of human personality
a.) dispositional theorists
b.) psychodynamic theorists
c.)
biological-evolutionary theorists
d.) learning-cognitive theorists
a.) dispositional theorists
Which of the following statements is true about humanistic-existential theories?
a.) they hold that all behaviors are learned through association and its consequences, whether it is reinforced or punished
b.) they argue that the personality people have is shaped by how they think and perceive the world
c.)
they assume primarily that people strive toward meaning, growth, well-being, happiness, and psychological health
d.) they suggest that there are five main trait dimensions in human personality that serve the function of making certain behaviors likely in some people
c.) they assume primarily that people strive toward meaning, growth, well-being, happiness and psychological health
A set of related assumptions
that allow scientists to use logical deductive reasoning to formulate testable hypotheses is
a.) the definition of philosophy
b.) the definition of scientific theory
c.) the definition of taxonomy
d.) an armchair speculation
b.) the definition of scientific theory
Which of the following statements is true about theory?
a.) a theory can be a practical guide for a psychotherapist
b.) theory and
practice are mutually exclusive
c.) other things being equal, the more complex the theory, the better
d.) a good theory gives opposing answers to a single question
a.) a theory can be a practical guide for a psychotherapist
A useful theory must be falsifable, which means that
a.) it will eventually be proven false
b.) it must be precise enough to suggest research that may either support or fail to
support its major tendencies
c.) it should be flexible enough to encompass opposing data into its framework
d.) it must be either true or false
b.) it must be precise enough to suggest research that may either support or fail to support its major tendencies
Which of the following statements is true about descriptive research?
a.) it is designed to test hypotheses
b.) it contributes to expanding a
theory
c.) it is that which uses an experimental design
d.) it is expressed by if-then statements
b.) it contributes to expanding a theory
Which of the following theories emphasizes that what people think, feel and do is always an interaction between nature and nurture?
a.) learning-cognitive theories
b.) biological-evolutionary theories
c.) dispositional theories
d.) psychodynamic
theories
b.) biological-evolutionary theories
A useful theory should be parsimonious, meaning that it should be...
a.) based on empirical research
b.) complex
c.) simple
d.) verifiable
c.) simple
A researcher uses the number of times a person smiles at others as a measure of friendliness. This an example of
a) an
operational definition.
b) hypothesis testing
c) parsimony
d) internal consistency.
a.) an operational definition
A test that can accurately divide extraverts from introverts is said to have
a) internal consistency
b) divergent validity
c) convergent validity
d) discriminant validity.
d.) discriminant validity
A
theory may be set aside when it
a.) generates testable hypotheses
b.) explains a set of observations
c.) is proven by experimentation.
d.) loses its usefulness.
d.) loses its usefulness
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