Which of the following systems assists with non-routine decisions, serves strategic levels of the organization, and helps answer questions regarding what a company's competitors are doing, as well as identifies new acquisitions that would protect the company from cyclical business swings?
a. | Transaction processing system. | |
b. | Decision support system. | |
c. | Executive information system. | |
d. | Management information system. |
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Transaction processing system (TIPS) is a computerized system that performs andrecords the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business, such as salesorder entry, hotel reservations, payroll, employee record keeping, and shipping.Management information systems (MIS) designates a specific category ofinformation systems serving middle management. MIS provides middle managerswith reports on the organization's current performance. This information is used tomonitor and control the business and predict future performance.Decision- support systems (DSS) support non-routine decision making for middlemanagement. They focus on problems that are unique and rapidly changing, forwhich the procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fully predefined inadvance.Executive support systems (ESS) help senior management make these decisions.ESS addresses non-routine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insightbecause there is no agreed- on procedure for arriving at a solution.
Decision-support systems (DSS): support more non-routine decision makingFocus on problems that are unique and rapidly changing, for which the procedure forarriving at a solution may not be fully predefined in advanceDSS use internal information from TPS and MIS, they often bring in information fromexternal sourcesUsed by “super-user” managers and business analysts who want to use sophisticatedanalytic and models to analyze dataoExecutive support system (ESS): focus on strategic issues and long-term trends that helpsenior managementNon-routine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insightPresent graphs and data from many sources through an interface that is easy for seniormangers to usePortal: use a Web interface to present integrated personalized business contentDesigned to incorporate date about external events; also draw summarized informationfrom internal MIS and DSSFilter, compress, and track critical data, displaying the data of greatest importance tosenior managersDigital dashboard: displays on a single screen graphs and charts of key performanceindicators for managing a companySystems for linking the enterprise-Enterprise applications (EA): systems that span functional areas, focus on executing businessprocesses across the business firm, and include all levels of management-Help business become more flexible and productive by coordinating their business processesmore closely and integrating groups of processes so they focus on efficient management ofresources and customer service-Four major enterprise applications: (1) Enterprise systems (ES; Enterprise resource planning(ERP)), (2) supply chain management systems, (3) customer relationship management systems,and (4) knowledge management systemsoEnterprise system (ES): also known as enterprise resource planning (ERP)Integrate business processes in manufacturing and production, finance and accounting,sales and marketing, and human resources into a single software systemInformation that was previously fragmented in many different systems is stored in a singlecomprehensive data repository where it can be used by many different parts of thebusinessoSupply chain management systems (SCM management): help manage relationships with theirsuppliers
Ultimate objective: to get the right amount of their products from their source to theirpoint of consumption in the least amount of time and at the lowest costIncrease firm’s profitability by lowering cost of moving and making productsInterorganizational system: b/c they automate the flow of information acrossorganizational boundariesoCustomer relationship management systems (CRM systems): help manage their relationshipwith their customersProvide information to coordinate all of the business processes that deal with customersoKnowledge management systems (KMS): enable organizations to better manage processes forcapturing and applying knowledge and expertise