26. Which type of oscillation would most likely produce an electromagnetic wave?
(1) a vibrating tuning fork
(2) a washing machine agitator at work
(3) a swinging pendulum
(4) an electron traveling back and forth in a wire
27. If monochromatic light passes from water into air with an angle of incidence of 35°, which characteristic of the light will remain the same?
(1) frequency
(2) wavelength
(3) speed
(4) direction
28. The absolute index of refraction of medium Y is twice as great as the absolute index of refraction of medium X. As a light ray travels from medium X into medium Y, the speed of the light ray is
(1) halved
(2) doubled
(3) quartered
(4) quadrupled
29. The diagram below shows a transverse wave moving toward the right along a rope.
At the instant shown, point P on the rope is moving toward the
(1) bottom of the page
(2) top of the page
(3) left
(4) right
30. When an isolated conductor is placed in the vicinity of a positive charge, the conductor is attracted to the charge. The charge of the conductor
(1) must be positive
(2) must be negative
(3) could be neutral or positive
(4) could be neutral or negative
31. The quarks that compose a baryon may have charges of
32. A rubber block weighing 60. newtons is resting on a horizontal surface of dry asphalt. What is the magnitude of the minimum force needed to start the rubber block moving across the dry asphalt?
(1) 32 N
(2) 40. N
(3) 51 N
(4) 60. N
33. The data table below lists the mass and speed of four different objects.
Which object has the greatest inertia?
34. The electroscope shown in the diagram below is made completely of metal and consists of a knob, a stem, and leaves. A positively charged rod is brought near the knob of the electroscope and then removed.
The motion of the leaves results from electrons moving from the
(1) leaves to the knob, only
(2) knob to the leaves, only
(3) leaves to the knob and then back to the leaves
(4) knob to the leaves and then back to the knob
35. Which circuit diagram represents the correct way to measure the current in a resistor?
36. The height of a typical kitchen table is approximately
(1) 10-2 m
(2) 100 m
(3) 101 m
(4) 102 m
37. A ball is thrown with a velocity of 35 meters per second at an angle of 30.° above the horizontal. Which quantity has a magnitude of zero when the ball is at the highest point in its trajectory?
(1) the acceleration of the ball
(2) the momentum of the ball
(3) the horizontal component of the ball’s velocity
(4) the vertical component of the ball’s velocity
38. The graph below represents the relationship between velocity and time of travel for a toy car moving in a straight line.
The shaded area under the line represents the toy car’s
(1) displacement
(2) momentum
(3) acceleration
(4) speed
39. A spring stores 10. joules of elastic potential energy when it is compressed 0.20 meter. What is the spring constant of the spring?
(1) 5.0 x 101 N/m
(2) 1.0 x 102 N/m
(3) 2.5 x 102 N/m
(4) 5.0 x 102 N/m
The next two questions share the same information.
Base your answers to questions 40 and 41 on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of physics.
A cannonball with a mass of 1.0 kilogram is fired horizontally from a 500.-kilogram cannon, initially at rest, on a horizontal, frictionless
surface. The cannonball is acted on by an average force of 8.0 newtons for 1.0 x 10-1 second.
40. What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the cannonball during firing?
(1) 0 kg•m/s
(2) 8.0 x 102 kg•m/s
(3) 8.0 x 103 kg•m/s
(4) 8.0 x 104 kg•m/s
41. What is the magnitude of the average net force acting on the cannon?
(1) 1.6 N
(2) 16 N
(3) 8.0 x 103 N
(4) 4.0 x 106 N
42. A metal sphere, X, has an initial net charge of -6 x 10-6 coulomb and an identical sphere, Y, has an initial net charge of +2 x 10-6 coulomb. The spheres touch each other and then separate. What is the net charge on sphere X after the spheres have separated?
(1) 0 C
(2) -2 x 10-6 C
(3) -4 x 10-6 C
(4) -6 x 10-6 C
43. A constant eastward horizontal force of 70. newtons is applied to a 20.-kilogram crate moving toward the east on a level floor. If the frictional force on the crate has a magnitude of 10. newtons, what is the magnitude of the crate’s acceleration?
(1) 0.50 m/s2
(2) 3.5 m/s2
(3) 3.0 m/s2
(4) 4.0 m/s2
44. Which graph represents the relationship between the energy of photons and the wavelengths of photons in a vacuum?
The next two questions share the same information.
Base your answers to questions 45 and 46 on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of physics.
One end of a long spring is attached to a wall. A student vibrates the other end of the spring vertically, creating a wave that moves to the
wall and reflects back toward the student, resulting in a standing wave in the spring, as represented below.
45. What is the phase difference between the incident wave and the reflected wave at point P?
(1) 0°
(2) 90°
(3) 180°
(4) 270°
46. What is the total number of antinodes on the standing wave in the diagram?
47. The diagrams below represent four pieces of copper wire at 20.°C. For each piece of wire, ℓ represents a unit of length and A represents a unit of cross-sectional area.
The piece of wire that has the greatest resistance
is
(1) wire 1
(2) wire 2
(3) wire 3
(4) wire 4
The next two questions share the same information.
Base your answers to questions 48 and 49 on the information and diagram below which represents two charged, identical metal spheres, and on your knowledge of physics.
48. The number of excess elementary charges on sphere A is
(1) 6.4 x 10-25
(2) 6.4 x 10-19
(3) 2.5 x 1013
(4) 5.0 x 1013
49. What is the magnitude of the electric force between the two spheres?
(1) 3.0 x 10-12 N
(2) 1.0 x 10-6 N
(3) 2.7 x 10-2 N
(4) 5.4 x 10-2 N
50. The diagram below represents the wave fronts produced by a point source moving to the right in a uniform medium. Observers are located at points A and B.
Compared to the wave frequency and wavelength observed at point A, the wave observed at
point B has a
