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Terms in this set (59)Light passes through the following structures in which order? Recommended textbook solutions
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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Verified answer Other Quizlet setsRelated questionsWhat is the main function of the rods in the eye? A. depth perception B. color vision C. vision in dim light D. accomodation for near vision What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye? A. aqueous humor B. lens C. cornea D. iris Receptors for hearing are located in the _____. A. cochlea B. semicircular canals C. tympanic membrane D. vestibule Which of the following types f neurons are replaced throughout adult life? A. olfactory receptor cells B. retinal bipolar cells C. retinal ganglion cells D. auditory outer and inner hair cells Bitter taste is elcited by ________. A. hydrogen ions B. alkaloids C. acids D. metal ions The receptor for static equilibrium is the _______. A. semicircular canals B. macula C. utricle D. cochlear duct Farsihtedness is more properly called _______. A. myopia B. hypopia C. hyeropia D. presbyopia Seventy percent of all sensry receptors are located in the __________. A. eye B. ears C. skin D. nose Which of the following structures is not part of the externa ear? A. pinna B. external acoustic meatus C. tympanic membrane D. pharyngotympanic tube
Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye _____. A. go to superior colliculus only B. pass posteriorly without crossin over at the chiasma C. divide at the chasma, with some crossing and some not crossing D. cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma Ordinarily, it isnot possible to transplant tissues from one person to another, yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection. This is because the cornea ____________. A. is not a living tissue B. has no nerve supply C. has no blood suppy D. does not contain connective tissue The oval window is connected directly to which passageway? A. scala vestibuli B. external acoustic meatus C. pharyngotympanic tube D. scala tympani There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neurons layers form the optic nerves? A. bipolar cells B. ganglion cells C. cone cells D. rod cells The first "way station" in the visual pathway from the eye, after there has been partial crossover of the fibers i the optic chiasma, is the __________.. A. superior colliculi B. lateral geniculate body of the thalamus C. visual cortex D. temporal lobe lateral geniculate body of the thalamus As sound levels increase in the spiral organ (of Corti), ________. A. outer hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane B. outer haircels bend the cilia aay from the kinocilium C. inner hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane D. inner hair cells bend the cilia away from the kinocilium outer hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane Which ofthe following is true about gustatory receptors? A. in order for a chemical to be sensed, it must be hydrophobic B. the receptors generate an action potentioal in response to chemical stimuli C. complete adaptation occurs in about one to five minutes D. all gustatory receptors have the same threshold for activation Complete adaptation occurs in about one to five minutes Taste buds are not found ________. A. in fungiform papillae B. in filiform papillae C. in circumvallate papillae D. lining the buccal cavity Select the correct statement about olfaction. A. olfactory receptors have a high degree of specificity toward a single type of chemical B. Some of the sensation of the olfaction is actually one of pain C. Substances must be volatile and hydrophobic in order to activate olfactory receptors D. Olfactory adaptation is only due to fading of receptor cell response Some of the sensation of olfaction is actually one of pain What prevents the eyelids from sticking together when the eyes close? A. lacrimal fluid B. ciliary gland secretions C. tarsal gland secretions D. conjunctival fluid Which of the following taste sensations is incorrectly matched to the chemicals that produce it? A. sweet------organic substances such as sugar and some lead salts B. sour------acids C. salty------metal ions D. bitter-------alkaloids E umami------- triglycerides and fatty acids umami-------triglycerides and fatty acids Another name for the primary visual cortex is _________. A. striate cortex B. prestriate cortex C. prefrontal cortex D. collicular cortex What is a modiolus? A. bone in the center of a semicircular canal B. bone around the cochlea C. a bone pillar in the center of the cochlea D. a bony ara around the junction of the facial, vestibular, and cochlear nerves a bone pillar in the center of the cochlea Which statement about malnutrition-induced night blindness is most accurate? A. the most common cause is vitamin D deficiency B. vitamin supplements can reverse degenerative changes C. visual pigment content is reduced in cones more than rods D. the impaired vision is caused by reduced cone function vitamin supplements can reverse degenerative changes Dark adaptation __________. A. is much faster than light adaptation B. results in inhibition of rod function C. primarily involves improvement of acuity and color vision D. involves accumulation of rhodopsin involves accumulation of rhodopsin Conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the ____________. A. thalamus B. occipital lobe of the cortex C. chiasma D. superior colliculus occipital lobe of the cortex In the visual pathways to the brain, the optic radiations project to the __________. A. medial retina B. lateral geniculate body C. primary visual cortex D. optic chiasma Visual inputs to the _______ sere to synchronize biorhythms with natural light and dark. A. pretectal nuclei B. lateral geniculate body C. superior colliculi D. suprachiasmatic nucleus Information from balance receptors goes directly to the _________. A. motor cortex B. visual cortex C. brain stem reflex centers D. back muscles brain stem reflex centers Motion sickness seems to _______. A. respond best to medication taken after alivation and pallor begins B. respond best to medication that "boosts" vestibular inputs C. result from activation of nausea centers in the brain stem D. result from mismatch between visual and vestibular inputs result from mismatch between visual and vestibular inputs The only special sense not fully functional at birth is the sens of _________. A. smell B. taste C. vision D. hearing E. equilibrium Most newborns ______. A. are myopic B. often use only one eye at a time C. see in tones of red and green only D. cry with copious tears often use only one eye at a time The blind spot of the eye is where _______. A. more rods than cones are found B. the macula lutea is located C. only cones occur D. the optic nerve leaves the eye the optic nerve leaves the eye The first vestiges of eyes in the embryo are called _____. A. mesenchyme B. optic discs C. optic vesicles D. optic cups Which pairing of terms is incorrectly related? A. frequency of sound waves: loudness of the sound B. quality of a sound: frequency of the sound C. amplitude of a sound: intensity of the sound D. frequency of sound waves: number of wavelengths frequency of sound waves: loudness of the sound Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by ________. A. substances in solution B. stretching of the receptor cells C. the movement of otoliths D. movement of a cupula Which of the following could not be seen as one looks into the eye with an ophthalmoscope? A. macula lutea B. bipolar cells C. ganglion cells D. amacrine cells During dark adaptation _________. A. the sensitivity of the retina decreases B. the rate of rhodospin breakdown is accelerated C. rhodospin accumulates in the rods D. the cones are activated rhodospin accumulates in the rods Tinnitus, vertigo, and gradual hearing loss typify the disorder called _________. A. Meniere's syndrome B. conjunctivitis C. strabismus D. motion sickness Which of the following is not a characteristic of olfactory receptor cells? A. they are ciliated B. they are unipolar neurons C. they are chemoreceptors D. they have a short life span of about 60 days they are unipolar neurons An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the ________. A. spiral organ (of Corti) B. cupula C. scala media D. otoliths Which of the following is true about light and vision? A. human photoreceptors respond to light in the 100-300 nm range B. when we see the color of an object, all light is being absorbed by that object except for the color being experienced C. light is a form of electromagnetic radition that slows down as it enters a medium of relatively less density D. the greater the incident angle of light striking a refractive surface, the less the amount of light bending when we see the color of an object, all light is being absorbed by that object excet for the color being experienced The tarsal plate of the eyelid ______. A. is composed of connective tissue surrounding a thin cartilage plate B. is connected to the superior rectus muscle C. is connected to the levator palpebrae D. assists in the act of winking is connected to the levator palpebrae Which of the following is true about photoreceptors? A. rods absorb light throughout the visual spectrum but confer only gray tone vision B. in dim light, images are focused directly on the rods in the fovea centralis C. three types of color-sensitive photoreceptors exist; red, green, and yellow D. if all cones are stimulated equally, all colors are absorbed by the cones and the color perceived is black rods absorb light throughout the visual spectrum but confer only ray tone vision Select the correct statement about equilibrium. A. the weiht of the endolymph contained within the semicircular canals against the maculae is responsible for static equilibrium B. cristae respond to anular acceleration and deceleration C. hair cells of both types of equilibrium hyperolarize only, resulting in an increased rate of impulse transmission D. due to dynamic equilibrium, movement can be perceived if rotation of the boddy continues at a constant rate cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration The eye muscle that elevates and turns the eye laterally is the ________. A. lateral rectus B. superior oblique C. inferior oblique D. medial rectus The receptor membranes of gustatory cells are ______. A. basal cells B. gustatory hairs C. fungiform papillae D. taste buds Light passes through the following structures in which order? A. vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor, cornea B. cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor C. cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor D. aqueous humor, cornea, lens, vitreous humor cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor Damage to the medial rectus muscles would probably affect _________. A. refraction B. accommodation C. convergence D. pupil constriction Which statement about sound localization is not true? A. it requires processing at the cortical level B. it requires input from both ears C. it uses time differences between sound reaching the two ears D. it is difficult to discriminate sound sources in the midline it requires processing at the cortical level Which of the following is not a possible cause of conduction deafness? A. impacted cerumen B. middle ear infection C. cochlear nerve degeneration D. otosclerosis cochlear nerve degeneration Visual processing in the thalamus does not contribute significantly to ________. A. depth perception B. high-acuity vision C. nigh vision D. movement percetion Visible light fits between ______. A. X rays and UV B. infared and microwaves C. microwaves and radiowaves D. UV and infared Ceruminous glands are _______. A. saliva glands found at the base of the tongue B. modified apocrine sweat glands C. glands found in the lateral corners of your eye D. modified taste buds modified apocrine sweat glands What is true of olfactory cells and taste buds quizlet?B) Olfactory cells contain all of the possible olfactory receptors while taste buds can sense all of the primary tastes.
How are the olfactory receptors activated quizlet?How are the olfactory receptors activated? The olfactory tracts transduce signals to the hypothalamus. Odorants dissolve in the mucus and bind to receptors. Mitral cells relay signals to the olfactory bulbs.
Do all gustatory receptors have the same threshold for activation?All gustatory receptors have the same threshold for activation. In order for a chemical to be sensed, it must be hydrophobic. The receptors generate an action potential in response to chemical stimuli. Complete adaptation occurs in about one to five minutes.
Which cells are not found in the olfactory epithelium quizlet?Which of these is NOT found in the olfactory epithelium? The olfactory tracts begin in the olfactory bulb and proceed to the brain. They are not found in the olfactory epithelium. Atropine eye drops are used to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex and as a long-lasting pupil dilating agent, or mydriatic.
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Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by
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