Explain how natural selection can lead to evolution. Show - When the environment changes, organisms best suited for the new environment survive and reproduce. - The favorable adaptation is passed on to the next generation. - Over time, more and more organisms will have the favorable adaptation, and the population will evolve. Each organism in a population produces more offspring
than can survive. This is called __. overproduction In order for natural selection to occur, populations must have ___. variation When the environment changes, nature selects favorable ___. adaptations Over time, these ___ in a population. decline build up Why did the color of the peppered moth change? The moths' life cycle changed. The environment changed.
A coastal forest was home to a type of burrowing rodent that was not found anywhere else in the world. A year ago, a species of large predator moved to the forest, but the rodents were able to escape by hiding in narrow underground tunnels. Recently, a hurricane flooded most of the forest. A few days later, scientists studying the area found that no members of this species remained. Which best describes why the species became extinct? - A natural disaster killed off the
population by flooding their habitat. A natural disaster killed off the population by flooding their habitat. Explain the relationship between mutations, adaptations, natural selection, and extinction. - Adaptations result from random mutations in the genes of organisms. - Adaptations may be favorable or unfavorable depending on the environment. - If an adaptation is favorable, it is selected by nature and, over time, more and more organisms in a population will have it. - If the environment changes so much that the adaptations of a species are no longer enough for the species to survive, extinction will occur. There are green and red bugs living in an area. As a result of an environmental change, birds that live in the same area grow in numbers. These birds eat the bugs, and they prefer the taste of the red bugs. How will the increase in the bird population most likely affect the bug population? - Green bugs will survive better and reproduce, so the bug population will evolve into mostly green bugs. - Red bugs will survive better and reproduce, but the bug population will evolve into mostly green bugs. - Green bugs will survive better and reproduce, but the bug population will evolve into mostly red bugs. - Red bugs will survive better and reproduce, so the bug population will evolve into mostly red bugs. Green bugs will survive better and reproduce, so the bug population will evolve into mostly green bugs. Which example best illustrates a condition necessary for natural selection to occur? Cheetahs have nearly identical genetic makeup. Clownfish can lay a thousand eggs at a time. Due to a genetic mutation, a mouse is born with fur that is not as light as fur in other mice of the same population. This makes it easier for the mouse to blend into the environment. How will this mutation most likely affect the mouse and the population? - The mouse with the mutation will not survive, and the trait will disappear from the population. - The mouse with the mutation will survive and reproduce, and the trait will spread over future generations. - The mouse with the mutation will not survive, but the trait will appear again in the next generation. - The mouse with the mutation will survive and reproduce, but the trait will disappear because it was caused by a mutation. The mouse with the mutation will survive and reproduce, and the trait will spread over future generations. Which scenario would most likely result in the extinction of one or more species? - The water temperature of a pond decreases slightly, and the members of the pond populations adapt to the change. - The conditions are abnormally dry for one season in a desert, resulting in the deaths of a few members of a snake population. - A predatory fish is introduced into a lake, resulting in a dramatic decrease in the populations of smaller fish. - A new plant species begins growing in a forest, resulting in a new food resource for many animal populations. A predatory fish is introduced into a lake, resulting in a dramatic decrease in the populations of smaller fish. A population of ducks lives in an area that floods many times each year. Some of the ducks are better at finding food on dry land, while other ducks are better at finding food in wet, muddy areas. Eventually, the land around the lake permanently changes from dry soil to wet, marshy mud. How will this change to the land most likely affect the duck population? - The population will remain stable because the ducks will not be affected by this kind of change. - The population will eventually balance out so that there are equal numbers of both types of ducks. - The population will evolve so that most ducks survive no matter how they find food. - The population will evolve so that most ducks are better at finding food in wet, muddy areas. The population will evolve so that most ducks are better at finding food in wet, muddy areas. Which is an example of an environmental influence that would most likely result in natural selection? - The soil in a field always has lots of nutrients, so corn plants in a population can grow quickly. - A fish is born with a genetic mutation that produces a longer tail, allowing the fish to swim faster than others in the population. - A food resource disappears in a pond, and some frogs in a population can eat the remaining food resource, while others cannot. - The temperature in a lake remains constant, so most of the turtle population survives to adulthood. A food resource disappears in a pond, and some frogs in a population can eat the remaining food resource, while others cannot. The mice living in an area changed from having brightly colored fur to having darkly colored fur. How did natural selection most likely result in this evolutionary change? - Bright mice were not able to blend into their environment as easily as dark mice, so they did not continue to survive and reproduce. - Bright mice produced fewer offspring than dark mice, so the bright mice became outnumbered within days. - Random changes in the genetics of bright mice produced more dark mice, so the bright mice quickly died off. - Random changes in the genetics of dark mice produced fewer bright mice, so the dark mice took over the population. Bright mice were not able to blend into their environment as easily as dark mice, so they did not continue to survive and reproduce. Which are characteristics of natural selection? Select three options. It affects populations. It affects populations. The process by which the organisms that are better adapted to the environment survive and reproduce is called ___. evolution natural selection Which statement best describes how reproduction leads to natural selection in a population? - Organisms do not produce many offspring, so all of them can survive and pass on their traits. - Organisms overproduce offspring; consequently, all of them are likely to survive and pass on traits. - Organisms overproduce offspring, so only some survive and pass on their traits. - Organisms do not overproduce offspring; therefore, those that are produced will develop the best traits. - Organisms overproduce offspring, so only some survive and pass on their traits. Organisms must have variation within a population in order for natural selection to occur. Which situation is an example of this variation? - A frog living in a pond is eaten by a predator, while others in the same population survive. - A snake living in a desert produces more offspring than other snakes in the same population. - Some rabbits living in a forest have short, spotted ears, while others have long white ears. - Some birds living in a grassland eat less than other birds who eat the same food. Some rabbits living in a forest have short, spotted ears, while others have long white ears. Which statement describes how favorable traits in a population relate to natural selection? They are the only traits that ever exist in the population. They build in the population over time. Which conditions are required for natural selection? Select three options. Populations
have genetic variation. Populations have genetic variation. A genetic mutation causes a squirrel to be born with much darker fur than its parents. How will this mutation most likely affect the squirrel population? - Because the trait was caused by a mutation, it will not be passed on to any offspring, resulting in the disappearance of the trait. - Because the trait was caused by a mutation, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels. - If the trait is unfavorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels. - If the trait is favorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels. If the trait is favorable, it will be passed on to offspring over many generations, resulting in a population of darker squirrels. Due to a genetic mutation, a deer is born with a missing toe. This makes it difficult for the deer to escape from predators. How will this mutation most likely affect the deer population? - The deer with the mutation will not survive, and the trait will disappear from the population. - The deer with the mutation will survive and reproduce, but it will not pass this trait on to its offspring. - The deer with the mutation will not survive, but the trait will appear again in the next generation. - The deer with the mutation will survive and reproduce, and the trait will commonly appear in future generations. The deer with the mutation will not survive, and the trait will disappear from the population. In a mouse population, some mice have thicker fur than others, but there are more mice with thinner fur. The climate in which these mice live has slowly gotten colder. How will this change in the environment most likely affect the mouse population? - The adaptation of thinner fur will be selected over thicker fur, and the population will remain unchanged. - The adaptation of thicker fur will be selected over thinner fur, and the population will remain unchanged. - The adaptation of thinner fur will be selected over thicker fur, and the population will evolve. - The adaptation of thicker fur will be selected over thinner fur, and the population will evolve. The adaptation of thicker fur will be selected over thinner fur, and the population will evolve. ___ is the total disappearance of all members of a species. Extinction A species of butterfly lives in a warm climate. The butterflies feed on the nectar of tropical flowers. Birds eat the butterflies, and they prefer to eat the butterflies with brighter wings. What would most likely cause this species to become extinct? a mutation resulting in
darker wings the destruction of the butterflies' environment If there are only a few remaining members of an insect species living in one area, which would most likely cause this species to become extinct? - the introduction of new predators to the insects'
environment the introduction of new predators to the insects' environment Many scientists believe that dinosaurs became extinct due to ____ floods caused by strong storms. an asteroid impact. What occurs if the environment changes and a species is no longer able to survive? The species becomes extinct. The species becomes extinct. Which causes genetic variations and can result in different alleles? predation rate random mutations During natural selection, which organisms are most likely to survive as the environment changes? - ones that can best adapt to and survive in the changing environment - ones that can adapt to the original environment - ones that are randomly selected for survival independent of the environment - ones that are randomly selected for survival in the changed environment - ones that can best adapt to and survive in the changing environment Several butterflies within a large population have wings with large dots on them. This wing pattern warns predators not to eat the butterflies. Which best describes the characteristic of having dotted wings? - favorable adaptation, which is one condition required for natural selection - unfavorable adaptation, which is passed on to offspring in all cases - favorable adaptation, which is passed on to offspring in very few cases - unfavorable adaptation, which is not a condition for natural selection favorable adaptation, which is one condition required for natural selection What caused natural selection among the peppered moths of Manchester, England? natural environmental changes human-caused environmental changes A population of rabbits inhabits an island that has an active volcano. The volcano erupted and covered the island destroying most of the food resources available for animals living in the area. As the island recovers, the soil no longer allows for these food resources to growing. How will this most likely affect the rabbit population on the island? - There will be fewer predators that eat the rabbits, so the rabbit population will quickly grow. - Other animals will eat less food, so the rabbit population will remain stable. - The rabbits will adapt to eating very little food, so the population will increase slowly over time. - Few rabbits will be able to find food, so the population will die off and become extinct. Few rabbits will be able to find food, so the population will die off and become extinct. Which are the characteristics of natural selection?Four conditions are needed for natural selection to occur: reproduction, heredity, variation in fitness or organisms, variation in individual characters among members of the population. If they are met, natural selection automatically results.
What are three characteristics of natural selection?Natural selection is an inevitable outcome of three principles: most characteristics are inherited, more offspring are produced than are able to survive, and offspring with more favorable characteristics will survive and have more offspring than those individuals with less favorable traits.
What are three features of natural selection quizlet?What are 3 key points about natural selection?. The individual organisms that make up a population vary in traits they possess.. The trait variation must be heritable.. In each generation more offspring are produced than survive. Some individuals will produce more offspring than others.. Trait must affect relative fitness.. What are the 5 factors of natural selection?Natural selection is a simple mechanism that causes populations of living things to change over time. In fact, it is so simple that it can be broken down into five basic steps, abbreviated here as VISTA: Variation, Inheritance, Selection, Time and Adaptation.
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Which are characteristics of natural selection quizlet?
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