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What is the electronic configuration of the boron atom? Chemistry Q&A Solution Electronic configuration: The arrangement of electrons into the orbitals of an atom using some fundamental principle is called its electronic configuration.Electronic configuration of Boron:The atomic symbol of Boron is B.The atomic number of Boron is 5 which is a non-metal and it belongs to 2nd period and 13th group of the periodic table.The electronic configuration of Boron is 1s22s22p1.Hence, the electronic configuration of the Boron atom is 1s22s22p1.Textbooks Question Papers Home The electron configuration of Boron can be found using the Aufbau principle. Aufbau Principle:
Simply understand that there are commonly four different types of subshells – s, p, d, and, f. These subshells can hold a maximum number of electrons on the basis of a formula, 2(2l + 1) where ‘l’ is the azimuthal quantum number. Value of ‘l’ for different subshells.
So, in short, the s subshell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons(1 orbital), the p subshell can hold 6 electrons(3 orbitals), the d subshell can hold 10 electrons(5 orbitals), and the f subshell can hold at most 14 electrons(7 orbitals). Now, the electron configuration of an atom can be built by filling the electrons in a lower energy subshell first then higher, higher, and higher.
So, all these are basics of How filling of electrons will be done in different subshells, obviously, you don’t have so much time for writing electron configuration by using so many rules. Therefore, we have a diagonal rule for electron filling order in the different subshells using the Aufbau principle. So, the order in which the orbitals are filled with electrons from lower energy to higher energy is – 1s < 2s < 2p < 3s < 3p < 4s < 3d < 4p < 5s < 4d < 5p < 6s < 4f < 5d < 6p < 7s < 5f < 6d < 7p and so on. Boron Electron configuration using the Aufbau Principle
Boron (B) Electron Configuration
Orbital diagram for BoronThe orbital diagram simply represents the arrangement of electrons in the different orbitals of an atom, it uses an arrow to represent the electrons, every orbital(one box) contains a maximum of 2 electrons. There are three rules followed for drawing the orbital diagram for an atom. (1). Aufbau’s principle:- This rule state that the lower energy orbital will be filled before the higher energy orbital, for example – the 1s orbital will fill before the 2s orbital. (2). Hund’s rule:- This rule state that each orbital of a given subshell should be filled with one electron each before pairing them. That means “Each orbital gets one electron first, before adding the second electron to the orbital”. (3). Pauli Exclusion Principle:- This rule state that, no two electrons can occupy the same orbital with the same spin. That means “One must be spin up (↑) and one must be spin down (↓)”. If you understand the above rules then constructing the orbital diagram or orbital notation for Boron is super easy. Basics of Orbital diagram:- There are different types of orbitals – s, p, d, and, f. These orbitals contain a number of boxes that can hold a number of electrons. Let’s see. Each box will hold a maximum of 2 electrons with opposite spin.
The orbital diagram will also be filled with the same order as described by the Aufbau principle. (1s < 2s < 2p < 3s……and so on.)
What is the Orbital diagram for Boron?We know the electron configuration of Boron is 1s22s22p1, now for drawing its orbital diagram, we need to show its electrons in form of an arrow in different boxes using Hund’s and Pauli exclusion rule.
Boron Orbital diagramElectron configuration Vs Orbital diagram for BoronThe main difference between the orbital diagram and electron configuration is an orbital diagram shows electrons in form of arrows whereas an electron configuration shows electrons in form of numbers. Also, the orbital diagram shows details on the spin of electrons whereas the electron configuration doesn’t show it. Both these follow the Aufbau principle (Diagonal rule).
Electron configuration for Boron via Bohr model (Orbit)Bohr model describes the visual representation of orbiting electrons around the small nucleus. It used different electron shells such as K, L, M, N…so on. These electron shells hold a specific number of electrons that can be calculated via the 2n2 formula where n represents the shell number.
So, K is the first shell or orbit that can hold up to 2 electrons, L is the 2nd shell which can hold up to 8 electrons, M is the third shell that can hold up to 18 electrons, and N is the fourth shell that can hold up to 32 electrons. Now, Boron has an atomic number of 5 and it contains a total number of 5 electrons. Hence, 2 electrons will go in the first shell(K) and 3 electrons will go in the second shell(L). Therefore, the electrons per shell for Boron is 2, 3, hence, we can say, based on the shell, the electronic configuration of the Boron atom is [2, 3].
Boron Valence electronsValence electrons are the outermost electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. They have more energy, hence, they are part of most chemical reactions. We can find valence electrons of an atom either by knowing its periodic group number or its electron configuration. Both these ways are super easy. Finding Boron Valence electrons through the Group numberFor neutral atoms, the valence electrons of an atom will be equal to its main periodic group number. However, for transition metals, the process of finding valence electrons is complicated. Now, for determining the valence electron for the Boron atom, look at the periodic table and find its Group number. The group number can be found from its column on the periodic table. So, the number of valence electrons in Boron is 3. Since it belongs to Group 13 (also called 3A) in the Periodic table. Finding Boron Valence electrons through the Electron configuration or Bohr modelWe know, the electron configuration of the Boron atom is 1s22s22p1, and valence electrons are those electrons found in the outer shell of an atom. This electron configuration of Boron shows that the outer shell of Boron has 3 electrons(2s22p1), hence, the number of valence electrons in the Boron atom is 3. Also, we know, that the electron configuration of Boron-based on the shells is [2, 3], which means, that two electrons are present in the first shell, and three electrons are present in 2nd shell or outer shell. Hence, the electrons found in the 2nd shell of the Boron atom are its valence electrons because it is the outermost shell also called the valence shell. The 2nd shell or outer shell of the Boron atom contains 3 electrons, therefore, the number of valence electrons in the Boron atom is 3.
Electron configuration, Valence electrons, and Orbital diagram of Boron in tabular form
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FAQWhat are the Ground state and Excited-state Electron configurations of Boron?There is a simple difference between Ground state and Excited-state configuration. The ground state configuration of an atom is the same as its regular electron configuration in which electrons remain in the lowest possible energy. So, the ground-state electron configuration for the Boron atom is 1s22s22p1. The excited-state configuration of an atom is different from the regular configuration of an atom, this occurs, when an electron is excited and jumps into a higher orbital. The excited-state electron configuration for Boron is 1s22s12p2. What is the shorthand electron configuration of Boron?The shorthand electron configuration for Boron atom is [He] 2s22p1. ∴ [He] electron configuration is 1s2. Which element has the 1s22s22p1 Electron configuration?Element with electron configuration 1s22s22p2 is Boron (B) which has the atomic number of 5. How many valence electrons does Boron have?The boron atom has 3 valence electrons in its outermost or valence shell. Boron is belonged to group 13th and has the atomic number of 5. What is the orbital diagram for Boron (B)?The orbital diagram for Boron is drawn with 3 orbitals. The orbitals are 1s, 2s, and 2p. The Boron orbital diagram contains 2 electrons in the 1s orbital, 2 electrons in the 2s orbital, and the remaining one electron in the 2p orbital. The orbital diagram for a ground-state electron configuration of Boron atom is as follow – What is the electron configuration of the B3+ ion?We know, in general, that the electron configuration of Boron (B) is 1s22s22p1. Now, in the B3+ ion, the positive charge means, Boron loses three electrons. Therefore, to write the electron configuration of the B3+ ion, we have to remove three electrons from the configuration of Boron (B). ∴ The resulting electron configuration for the Boron ion (B3+) will be 1s2. It resembles the configuration of the nearest inert gas i.e Helium. Properties and Uses of Boron
Reactions for Boron When boron undergoes halogenation, it gives trihalides ⇒ 2B + 3Br2 → 2BBr3 When boron reacts with air, at a very high temperature, it burns and forms boron trioxide. ⇒ 4B + 3O2 → 2B2O3 Summary
Which is the electron configuration for boron quizlet?The electron configuration of boron is 1s(2) 2s(2) 2p(1).
What is the electron configuration of 5 boron?
What atom matches this electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10?So, an antimony atom with charge +2 has an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p1.
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