Physical ScienceQuarter 1 – Module 9:CatalystPersonal Development Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 9: Catalyst First Edition 2020 Show
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that “no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.” Borrowed materials (i., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Region IV-A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Barangay San Isidro Cainta, Rizal 1800 Telefax: 02 -8682-5773/8684-4914/8647- E-mail Address: Development Team of the Module Writer: X-handi B. Fallarna Editors: Robert G. Yumul Felipa A. Morada Reviewers: Ramonito O. Elumbaring, Angelica J. Macaraeg Felipa A. Morada Illustrator: Francis Victor A. Medrano Layout Artist: Mary Grace L. Asa, Pamela A. Lalusin Management Team: Wilfredo E. Cabral Job S. Zape Jr. Eugenio S. Adrao Elaine T. Balaogan Susan DL. Oribiana Lorna R. Medrano Edita T. Olan ii ####### Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Physical Science Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Catalyst! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. iii For the learner: Welcome to the Physical Science 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Catalyst! The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled into process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or ####### What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you to define catalyst and describe how it affects reaction rate. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. The module contains discussion about catalyst as one of the factors affecting the reaction rate. After going through this module, you are expected to:
####### What I Know Pre-Assessment Modified TRUE or FALSE. Directions: On the space at the left, write TRUE if the statement is true. If the statement is false , change the italicized word to make it correct. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. ____________________ 1. A catalyst is a substance that can be added to a reaction to increase the reaction rate without getting consumed in the process. ____________________ 2. Heat is not a catalyst since it can’t be taken out of the reaction in the same amount it was inputted into the reaction. ____________________ 3. Catalysts increase the rates of chemical reactions by raising the activation energy of the reactions. ____________________ 4. Collisions only result in a reaction if the particles collide with a certain maximum energy called the activation energy of the reaction. ____________________ 5. A chemical reaction may be energetically favorable (i. exothermic), and so if the activation barrier is high (i. the activation energy is high), the reaction rate may be extremely slow. _______________________ _6. Decreasing the concentration of reactants increases the collision frequency between reacting particles. ________________________ 7_. Increasing_ the concentration of a substance increases the kinetic energy of the particles that make up the substance. ________________________ 8_. Raising_ the temperature of a reaction increases the rate of the reaction by increasing the energy of the collisions between reacting particles. ______________________9. Lowering the surface area of a reactant increases the rate of the reaction. ####### Lesson 1CatalystReaction rates generally increase with increasing reactant concentration, increasing temperature, and the addition of a catalyst. Physical properties such as high solubility also increase reaction rates. Solvent polarity can either increase or decrease the rate of reaction, but increasing solvent viscosity generally decreases reaction rates. This information is obtained by studying the chemical kinetics of a reaction, which depend on various factors: reactant concentrations, temperature, physical states and surface areas of reactants, and solvent and catalyst properties if either are present. ####### What’s In Activity 1 Word Search Directions : Copy the table on a separate sheet of paper. Search and encircle to unlock the pool of words in the box then use them by filling in the blanks to complete the passage. Write your answer on another sheet of paper. Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction A C T I V A T I O N E N E R G Y M G B W D N B M L Y L M A W D M T M Q Y R T A C P A R T I C L E S I Z E Z E N S I T A S I E A R T V E N D T T N D Y T R N R R M Q A B N D Q G R M Z A L L E G E Y P T M O V K Z E V C Y C A C J M S M E X I D C L I O V Y M T T L O T P P R T O I D N T D B L E I A T Q M I E A C M T H Y O Y L R S V C O N C E N T R A T I O N D B B P A N Z E L I O U A B L P E L D P Q L I K R D X Y H R I T M P Z R W M T R I P Y O K T M E I X U N S N M B N R Concentration Activation energy Catalyst Temperature Particle Size Enzyme Increasing the ___________ of a system increases the average kinetic energy of its constituent particles. As the average kinetic energy increases, the particles move faster and collide more frequently per unit time and possess greater energy when they collide. When the ___________ of all the reactants increases, more molecules or ions interact to form new compounds, and the rate of reaction increases. When solids and liquids react, increasing the surface area of the solid will increase the reaction rate. A decrease in ___________ causes an increase in the solid’s total surface area. Collisions only result in a reaction if the particles collide with a certain minimum energy called the ___________ for the reaction. The position of activation energy can be determined on a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. To increase the rate of a reaction, the number of successful collisions must be increased. One possible way of doing this is to provide an alternative way for the reaction to happen which has a lower activation energy. Adding ___________ has this effect on activation energy. It provides an alternative route for the reaction with a lower activation energy. Catalysts are everywhere! Many biochemical processes, such as the oxidation of glucose, are heavily dependent on ___________, proteins that behave as catalysts. What’s NewExcellent! You are good in analyzing information. As a reward, I will share a story with you. I am more than glad and happy hearing that from you. I’ll just get my book and read it for you. Wow, I do love hearing stories. Can’t wait any longer Professor X. It was the final performance task for the Grade 11 students, Maria and Anna, under the TVL Track. Their teacher asked them to bake a bread that’s worth ₱ 15 .00. They both managed to bake Enzymada Bread as their product. Maria added cheese and sprinkled sugar on top of it while Anna made the old style recipe of Enzymada with margarine and sprinkled sugar. Both tasted great and were presented very well. However Anna’s Enzymada looked a half bigger than Maria’s giving it an approval for the proposed price. That sound’s interesting and appetizing! What makes their bread size different? In baking, Baker's yeast is the common name for the strains of yeast commonly used in baking bread and bakery products, serving as a leavening agent which causes the bread to rise (expand and become lighter and softer) by converting the fermentable sugars present in the dough into carbon dioxide and ethanol. The yeast act as the catalyst in the process. It increases the rate of reaction without itself being consumed. There are also some fruits that are affected by catalysts. Activity 1. So, apples go brown when their flesh reacts with air. In the pictures below, which apple will go brown the quickest? Why? (Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.) ________________________________________________________________. A B C D Figure 2 : Apple set ups in different sizes. What is ItKey Terms
To increase the rate of a reaction, the number of successful collisions must be increased. One possible way of doing this is to provide an alternative way for the reaction to happen which has a lower activation energy. In other words, to move the activation energy to the left on the graph: Adding a catalyst has this effect on activation energy. A catalyst provides an alternative route for the reaction with a lower activation energy. This is illustrated on the following energy profile: Originally, only the number of particles represented by the area under this part of the curve had high enough energies to react. particles which don’t have enough energy to react Now all these extra particles have enough energy to Number of react as well. particles original activation energy Energy new activation energy What’s MoreActivity 1 Guide Questions Catalyst is one of the factors that can affect the rate of reaction along with concentration, temperature, and size of the particles as discussed on the previous module. The video links below show a simple experiment and a discussion on how catalyst react with substances, hence affecting its rate. Answer the guide questions below after watching each video. Link 1: “What Are Catalysts? | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool”. Accessed May 23, 2020, youtube/watch?v=m_9bpZep1QM&t=41s Link 2: “Demonstration of a Catalyst | Experiment”. Accessed May 23, 2020, youtube/watch?v=5JpGbhAP3ZE Link 1: Guide Questions
Link 2: Guide Questions
####### Assessment Post-Test Multiple Choice Directions : Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.
####### Additional Activities Activity 1. In your daily living, list (five) 5 activities and its acting catalysts that you observe affecting the reaction rate. It can be present when you are eating, washing clothes and others. Do this in a separate sheet of paper. What is not a characteristic of a catalyst?Equilibrium constant cannot be changed upon addition of catalyst as catalyst affects both forward and backward reactions to the same extent and hence don't alter the equilibrium constant. Rather it provides an alternative path wth lower activation energy to fasten the reaction.
Is not a characteristic of a catalyst it participates in the reaction it enhances the equilibrium rate it activates equilibrium it Initialises the reaction?Which of the following is not a characteristic of a catalyst? Explanation: The main purpose of using a catalyst is only to increase the rate of achieving the equilibrium state in case of slow reaction. Other than that it will not initiate or involve in the reaction.
What are the characteristics of catalyst reaction?Characteristics of a catalyst are as follows :
Catalyst activates the rate of reaction but cannot initiate it. Catalytic activity is maximum at optimum temperature. Catalyst lowers the activation energy of forward and backward reaction and also lowers threshold energy. It provides a new mechanism for the reaction.
Which of the following is not true for a catalyst *?A catalyst does not alter the equilibrium in a reversible reaction.
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of a catalyst it participates in the reaction it enhances the equilibrium rate it activates equilibrium it Initialises the reaction?
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