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El Mundo 21 Hispano3rd EditionFabian Samaniego, Francisco Rodríguez Nogales, Mario de Alarcón, Nelson Rojas 279 solutions http://shoreline.edu/tedfriedenson/presentperfectform.htm IntroductionThe present perfect tense is common in English. It is used for many different functions. This page will explain the most important uses of the present perfect tense. 1. Actions which started in the past and are still continuingThe present perfect is often used for an action that started at some time in the past and is still continuing now. In this case, the words for(with a length or period of time) and since(with a specific starting time) are usually used with the present perfect.
2. Actions (single action or repeated actions) which happened at some unknown time in the pastWe can use the present perfect to say that something happened (or didn't happen), but it's not important (or not known) when it happened. In this case, we often use the words already, (not) yet, everor neveralong with the present perfect. These words usually go in front of the past participle.
3. Actions which happened in the past, but have an effect in the presentThis use is a little more difficult than the other two. In this case, the action happened at some time in the past, but the effect of the action is still important now. It's easiest to understand this use if we compare present perfect sentences with simple past sentences.
Welcome 😊 to our grammar lesson on the Spanish Present Perfect tense («Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto» or «Antepresente de Indicativo»). We use the Present Perfect to talk about past actions, usually recent ones. A couple of sentences in Present PerfectIn this lesson, you will learn to conjugate verbs in Spanish Present Perfect and use them correctly in sentences. You will also find a Quiz and Exercises to practice. Contents
Conjugation of verbs in Spanish Present PerfectThe formula for the Present Perfect consists of 2 words:
How to form the Past Participle Some verbs have an irregular Past Participle. The most important irregular ones are: hacer → hecho Click here to learn more about the Past Participle Use of the Present PerfectWe use the Present Perfect to talk about past actions. But there are several tenses in Spanish to talk about past actions. So, when exactly do we use it? We use the Present Perfect in these cases:
Let’s study each case: 1. The sentence mentions a time frame that reaches the presentWe express an action in the past, mentioning a a time frame that reaches the present. Graphic explanationFor example, consider the following sentence in English: «I played soccer today». The action «I played soccer» is in the past, but «today» is a time frame that reaches the present: we are still in «today».
2. The sentence doesn’t mention a time frame, but the action is recentFor example, in the following sentences, it is understood that the actions are recent:
Note: These rules on when to use the Present Perfect are not very strict. For example, in Latin America they seldom use the Present Perfect, even in the cases we just explained. They prefer the Preterite. Placing the word «no»: always before the whole verbTo form a negative sentence, we place no before the two words that form the Present Perfect, never in between:
Keywords with the Present PerfectThe following keywords tend to work well in sentences with the Present Perfect. Notice that they all express time frames that reach the present:
Other useful keywords: «ya», «aún no», «todavía no»Sometimes we find ya, aún no or todavía no near the Present Perfect. Their meanings are:
We usually place these keywords before the verb:
QuizLet’s practice the Spanish Present Perfect with a quiz and a few exercises: Exercise 1Read the following sentences in English and pay attention to the time frames they mention. Which sentences could we translate into Spanish using the Present Perfect?
Exercise 2Conjugate the following verbs in Spanish Present Perfect. Click on the gray spaces to see the solutions.
Exercise 3In the following sentences, fill the gaps using the Present Perfect of the verbs in brackets.
Exercise 4Conjugate the following verbs in Spanish Present Perfect.
Exercise 5In the following sentences, fill the gaps using the Present Perfect of the verbs in brackets.
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