What are the method of making magnets?

Magnets are made by exposing ferromagnetic metals like iron and nickel to magnetic fields.

There are three methods of making magnets: (1) Single touch method (2) Double touch method (3) Using electric current.

Single Touch Method: This is the simplest and also the most convenient method to make a small magnet that does not have a very big field of attraction. All you need is a ferromagnetic object and a permanent magnet.
Place a paper on a flat surface and place the ferromagnetic object on it. Then rub the permanent magnet over the surface of the object. Make sure to rub in one direction only. It is also necessary to lift the magnet from the surface of the object, after every swipe or run. Then swipe it again, in the same motion as before and continue rubbing the magnet over the object at least 50 times. If the process of swiping the permanent magnet over the ferromagnetic object has been done correctly, then the pins will get attracted towards your magnet and will stick to it.
The more times you rub the permanent magnet over your ferromagnetic object, the more powerful your temporary magnet will become.

Double Touch Method: This method is very similar to the first method. Here, two permanent magnets are taken to magnetize the ferromagnetic material, operating in opposite directions.

Magnet using electric current: In this process an electromagnet is made out of a ferromagnetic substance (preferably use a large–sized iron nail), a copper wire and a battery (for safety purposes use the D–cell). Initially a copper coil must be tightly coiled around the iron nail at least 10 times. The ends of the copper wire must be left free. Connect the lower end of the copper wire to the negative point of the battery and the upper end of the copper wire to the positive point of the battery. This magnet also works for sometime after it has been disconnected from the battery. Test the magnet by using the light–weight pins. The electromagnet is nowadays, used as an industrial magnet. The best example of an industrial electromagnet is of a crane that is used in salvage yards.

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Hint: To solve this question one must know what a magnet is. A magnet can produce magnetic fields. These magnets attract unlike poles and repel like poles. Magnets can be made by exposing ferromagnetic materials to the magnetic field. Some examples of ferromagnetic materials are iron and nickel.

Complete step-by-step solution:
By exposing Ferro-magnetic metals such as nickel and iron to magnetic fields it is possible to make magnets.
The three methods that can be employed to make magnets are:
Single touch method
Double touch method
Using electric current.
SINGLE TOUCH METHOD:
In This method, all we need is a permanent magnet and a ferromagnetic material. This is a convenient and simple method that can be used to make small magnets that do not need a large field of attraction.
To begin with, place the ferromagnetic material on top of a surface. Then use the permanent magnet to rub over the surface of the ferromagnetic material. One important caution to be employed here is that the direction of rub should be facilitated in one direction only. Another important note is that after every swipe across the ferromagnetic material, one should take care to lift the magnet from the surface of the material. This process should be repeated over and over, about 50 times. Now, if the process has been completed properly you will notice that the material gets attracted towards the magnet. From this, we can imply that the ferromagnetic material has been magnetized temporarily.
Also, the more times that you rub the permanent magnet over the ferromagnetic material, the more powerful the temporary magnet will become.
DOUBLE TOUCH METHOD
The double touch method is similar to the single touch method here; the only difference is that in this method we use two permanent magnets instead of one. These two magnets are operated on the ferromagnetic substance from opposite directions.
USING ELECTRIC CURRENT
It is possible to make magnets using electricity. These magnets that are made by using electricity are known as electromagnets. To make an electromagnet, tightly coil the copper wire around the iron nail. The ends of the wire should be left free. Now, the lower part is to attach and the upper part of the copper wire is to attach to the negative and positive terminal of a battery respectively. By this method, an electromagnet can be obtained.

Note: Care must be taken while handling magnets as they can lose their magnetism property if they are either heated strongly or dropped from a considerable height or even if they are hit with a hammer. If these magnets are not stored properly these magnets can lose their magnetic property over time. So when not in use care must be taken to store these magnets carefully.

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