Which one of the compounds shown has the highest boiling point quizlet?

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it is CH2Cl2 because The electronegativity of C is 2.5, that of H is 2.1, and that of Cl is 3.0. Consequently, CH2Cl2 has two polar bonds (C─Cl) and two bonds that are nearly nonpolar (C─H).
The geometry of CH2Cl2 is tetrahedral. Because the C─Cl bonds and the C─H bonds are different, their dipoles do not cancel but sum to a net dipole moment. The molecule is polar and has dipole-dipole forces.

and not
CO2
Because the electronegativity of carbon is 2.5 and that of oxygen is 3.5 (Figure 5.3), CO2 has polar bonds.
The geometry of CO2 is linear. Consequently, the dipoles of the polar bonds cancel, so the molecule is nonpolar and does not have dipole-dipole forces.

or
CH4
Because the electronegativity of C is 2.5 and that of hydrogen is 2.1, the C─H bonds are nearly nonpolar.
In addition, because the geometry of the molecule is tetrahedral, any slight polarities that the bonds might have will cancel. CH4 is therefore nonpolar and does not have dipole-dipole forces.

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Terms in this set (42)

The shape of a protein is determined by attractive forces between functional groups on its side
chains

true

The strongest forces between CH4 molecules are hydrogen bonds

false

Attraction between the Na+ cation and Cl- anion holds the solid lattice of sodium chloride together

true

Gases typically have high densities in comparison to solids

false

H2 boils at a higher temperature than He because H2 undergoes hydrogen bonding.

false

Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between atoms within a compound.

false

Dispersion forces result from the temporary distortion of the electron cloud in an atom or molecule
which increases in magnitude with increasing size

true

Compounds with very high vapor pressures must have very minimal intermolecular forces

true

Heat is released when a liquid freezes into a solid

true

Hydrogen bonding occurs whenever hydrogen is present

false

Liquids that are viscous flow more slowly than liquids that are not viscous.

true

Dipole-dipole forces are weaker than dispersion forces

false

For hydrogen bonding to occur, a molecule must have a hydrogen atom bonded directly to a
fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom

true

Viscosity increases with increased intermolecular force because the molecules attract each other
strongly which hinders the flow.

true

Evaporation is decreased by increasing the intermolecular forces

true

Atoms in a solid are always arranged in a well-ordered pattern

false

Intermolecular forces determine if a substance is a solid, liquid or gas at room temperature.

true

Liquids can be easily compressed

false

Evaporation is an endothermic process

true

The process of heating a pot of water from room temperature to boiling temperature is an
exothermic process.

false

Evaporation and condensation are opposite processes

true

Intermolecular forces hold atoms and molecules in place in a solid

true

Without intermolecular forces, solids and liquids would not exist and all matter would be gaseous

true

Which compound will have the highest boiling point?
A) CH4
B) CH3C(O)CH3
C) CH3CH3
D) CH3CH2OH
E) not enough information

D

Which state of matter has a low density and an indefinite volume?
A) solids
B) gases
C) liquids
D) both solids and liquids
E) none of the above

B

Which noble gas has the highest boiling point?
A) He
B) Ar
C) Kr
D) Ne
E) Xe

E

The rate of vaporization of a liquid can be increased by:
1. increasing the surface area
2. increasing the temperature
3. increasing the strength of the intermolecular forces
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2 only
E) 2 and 3 only

D

Increasing the intermolecular forces of a liquid will do which of the following?
A) increase the surface tension
B) increase the viscosity
C) decrease the vapor pressure
D) decrease the evaporation rate
E) all of the above

E

Consider the three compounds below, then choose the compound(s) that have hydrogen bonding.
1) H2
2) CH4
3) HF
A) Only compound 3 has hydrogen bonding.
B) Only compound 2 has hydrogen bonding.
C) Only compound 1 has hydrogen bonding.
D) All three of these compounds have hydrogen bonding.
E) None of these compounds have hydrogen bonding.

A

The ability of sodium chloride to mix with water is most likely due to:
A) hydrogen bonding
B) dipole-dipole force
C) dispersion force
D) ion-dipole force
E) none of the above

D

Which intermolecular forces are found in CO2?
A) dispersion forces
B) dispersion forces and dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) dipole-dipole forces
E) none of the above

A

The tendency of a liquid to minimize its surface area is called:
A) vaporization.
B) capillary action.
C) viscosity.
D) surface tension.
E) none of the above

D

Which molecule below has hydrogen bonding?
A) H2
B) CH3CH2OH
C) CH4
D) HCl
E) all of the above

B

Which compound in liquid form will have the highest vapor pressure?
A) CH3CH3
B) CH3CH2OH
C) CH4
D) CH3C(O)CH3
E) not enough information

C

What are the major solute-solvent interactions created when HOCH2CH2OH dissolves in water?
A) dispersion
B) dipole-dipole
C) hydrogen bonding
D) ion-dipole

C

Which one of the following substances will not have hydrogen bonding as one of its intermolecular
forces?

A

Which should be least soluble in water?

A

Place the following compounds in order of increasing strength of intermolecular forces.
CH4 CH3CH2CH3 CH3CH3

A) CH4 < CH3CH2CH3 < CH3CH3
B) CH3CH2CH3 < CH3CH3 < CH4
C) CH3CH2CH3 < CH4 < CH3CH3
D) CH3CH3 < CH4 < CH3CH2CH3
E) CH4 < CH3CH3 < CH3CH2CH3

E

Which of the following substances would you predict to have the lowest vapor pressure?
A) CH3CH2CH2CH3
B) CH3CH2OH
C) HCl
D) CH3Cl
E) HOCH2CH2OH

E

What type(s) of intermolecular forces exist between Br2 and CCl4?
A) dispersion forces and ion-dipole
B) dispersion forces
C) dispersion forces and dipole-dipole
D) dispersion forces, ion-dipole, and dipole-dipole
E) None. Since both are gases at room temperature, they do not interact with each other

B

The phase diagram of a substance is given above. The region that corresponds to the solid phase is
________.

A

The phase diagram of a substance is shown above. The area labeled ________ indicates the gas
phase for the substance.

C

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